José de san martín nationality

José de San Martín was one of the prime leaders of Latin America’s successful struggle for freedom from the Spanish Empire, commanding crucial military campaigns that led to independence for Argentina, Chile, and Peru.

Learning Objective

Compare José de San Martín’s efforts to Bolívar’s

Key Points

• José de San Martín, along with Simón Bolívar, was one of the most important leaders of the Latin American independence movements.
• His military leadership was crucial in the wars of independence in Argentina, Chile, and Peru.
• Born in what became Argentina, San Martín mostly grew up in Spain, taking part in the Peninsular War against Napoleon.
• He left Spain and joined the Argentine War of Independence in 1811, a choice debated by historians.
• He provided a much-needed boost to the revolution, mustering the Army of the Andes, whose crossing of the Andes was instrumental in freeing Argentina and Chile from Spanish rule.
• From there he went to Peru, where he fought for several years in col
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  José de San Martín

  Argentine general and independence leader (1778–1850)

  "General San Martín" and "General José de San Martín" redirect here. For other uses, see General José de San Martín (disambiguation).

  In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is San Martín and the second or maternal family name is Matorras.

  José Francisco de San Martín y Matorras (Spanish pronunciation:[xoˈseðesammaɾˈtin]^ⓘ; 25 February 1778 – 17 August 1850), nicknamed "the Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru",^[1] was an Argentine general and the primary leader of the southern and central parts of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire who served as the Protector of Peru. Born in Yapeyú, Corrientes, in modern-day Argentina, he left the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata at the early age of seven to study in Málaga, Spain.

  In 1808, after taking part in the Peninsular War against France, San Martín contacted South American supporters of independence from Spain in London. In 1812, he set sail for Buenos

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  San Martin

  
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  Jose de San Martin (1778-1850) was an enigmatic figure – a revolutionary and a conservative, a professional soldier and an intellectual, a taciturn man who nevertheless was able to inspire the peoples of South America to follow his armies and accept his battle strategies. One of the great leaders in the wars for independence, he was a pivotal force in the liberation of Chile and Peru from Spanish rule. In the first full English-language biography of San Martin in more than half a century, John Lynch shines new light on San Martin and on the story of Spanish America's revolutionary wars. Lynch offers a series of dramatic set pieces: the Peninsular War, in which San Martin fought the French and learned his military skills; the crossing of the Andes, when his army battled the forces of nature as well as enemy fire; the confrontation with imperial Spain in Peru; and the standoff with Bolivar which led to San Martin's resignation and exile in Europe. Based on the latest documentation, San Martin enhances our understanding of the modern history of Latin Am