Galileo galilei contribution to physics
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Galileo Galilei
Florentine physicist and astronomer (1564–1642)
"Galileo" redirects here. For other uses, see Galileo (disambiguation) and Galileo Galilei (disambiguation).
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei (, ; Italian:[ɡaliˈlɛːoɡaliˈlɛːi]) or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian[a]astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath. He was born in the city of Pisa, then part of the Duchy of Florence.[8] Galileo has been called the father of observational astronomy,[9] modern-era classical physics,[10] the scientific method,[11] and modern science.[12]
Galileo studied speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle of relativity, inertia, projectile motion and also worked in applied science and technology, describing the properties of the pendulum and "hydrostatic balances". He was one of the earliest Renaissance developers of the thermoscope[13] and the inventor of various
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Born in Pisa on February 15, 1564, Galileo was the son of Vincenzo Galilei (1520-1591), a music scholar, and Giulia Ammannati (1538-1620). He studied at the University of Pisa, where he held the mathematics chair from 1589 to 1592. He was then appointed to the chair of mathematics at the University of Padua, where he remained until 1610.
In the Padua years, he conducted studies and experiments in mechanics, built the thermoscope, and invented and built the geometric and military compass. In 1594, he patented a water-lifting machine. In 1609, he developed the telescope, with which he performed the observations that led him to the discovery of Jupiter's moons. In 1610, he was appointed mathematician and philosopher to the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He studied the peculiar appearances of Saturn and observed the phases of Venus. In 1611, he went to Rome, where he joined the Accademia dei Lincei and observed sunspots. In 1612, opposition arose to the Copernican theories, which Galileo supported. In 1614, from the pulpit of Santa Maria Novella, Father Tommaso Caccini (1574-1648) denounced
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On February 15, 1564 Galileo was born in Pisa, the son of Vincenzo Galilei, a music teacher who came from Florence, and Giulia Ammannati, from a Pescia family that had moved to Pisa years earlier. He was born at the residence of his uncle, Leone Ammannati, a house belonging to the church of S. Andrea Forisportam, as emerges from his birth certificate drawn up on February 19 in the Baptistery of Pisa.
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Vincenzo Galilei was obliged to move to Florence, perhaps to engage in some commercial activity in tandem with his work as a musician, leaving his family in Pisa in the care of his friend Muzio Tedaldi, who was later to marry Giulia's niece. The young Galileo began his education at the public school in Pisa, probably between 1569 and 1574. The school appointed for three-year periods masters of writing, grammar and arithmetic, obliging them by contract to find suitable accommodation for teaching and, according to a document in the State Archives of Pisa, to teach 'all equally, the poor citizens as well as the rich.' Galileo may have learned here the first elements of Greek, as Anto
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