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Mercy Otis Warren

By Debra Michals, Ph.D. | 2015

Mercy Otis Warren was a published poet, political playwright and satirist during the age of the American Revolution—a time when women were encouraged and expected to keep silent on political matters. Warren not only engaged with the leading figures of the day—such as John, Abigail, and Samuel Adams—but she became an outspoken commentator and historian, as well as the leading female intellectual of the Revolution and early republic.

Born on September 14, 1728 in Barnstable, Massachusetts, Warren was the third of thirteen children of James Otis and Mary Allyne Otis. Her exposure to politics began early; her father was an attorney who was elected to the Massachusetts legislature in 1745. Like most girls at the time, Warren had no formal education; hers came from sitting in on her brother’s lessons, where she took a particular interest in history and politics. She also made extensive use of her uncle’s large book collection to educate herself.

In 1754, she wed the politically active James Warren, a classmate of her broth

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Mercy Otis Warren

American writer (1728–1814)

Mercy Otis Warren
Warren c. 1763
Born	Mercy Otis September 25, 1728 (1728-09-25) Barnstable, Massachusetts Bay, British America
Died	October 19, 1814(1814-10-19) (aged 86) Massachusetts, U.S.
Resting place	Burial Hill, Plymouth, U.S. 41°57′22″N70°39′58″W / 41.956°N 70.666°W / 41.956; -70.666
Pen name	A Columbian Patriot
Occupation	Poet and political writer
Language	English
Education	Writer (History of the Rise, Progress, and Termination of the American Revolution)
Spouse	James Warren (m. ; died )
Children	5

Mercy Otis Warren (September 25, 1728 – October 19, 1814) was an American activist poet, playwright, and pamphleteer during the American Revolution. During the years before the Revolution, she had published poems and plays that attacked royal authority in Massachusetts and urged colonists to resist British infringements on colonial rights and liberties. She was married to Jame

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Mercy began by writing various political plays, criticizing the crown’s policies and Loyalist officials in Massachusetts, especially the family nemesis, Governor Thomas Hutchinson.[3] Her first play, The Adulateur, was anonymously published in a local newspaper in 1772. The play was set in the mythical kingdom of Servia, and the characters paralleled controversial political figures of the time. Mercy intended to instigate conflict between the colonists and colonial officials by portraying Governor Hutchinson, known as Rapatio in the play, as “a tool” who would “stop at nothing to achieve his personal ambitions,” even if it meant sacrificing others.[4] She ended the play by foreshadowing the possibility of a full-scale revolution, writing that soon people may have to take up arms to defend their liberty and “murders, blood and carnage,/ Shall crimson all these streets.” [5]

Mercy published The Defeat in the Boston Gazette in 1773 as a response to the publication of a series of letters written by Hutchinson, in which he articulated his belief that the most strategic way to m